• 65

    Tb

  • Lanthanoids

    Terbium

  • Group

  • Period

    6

  • Block

    f

化学元素【铽】
  • Protons

    65

  • Electrons

    65

  • Neutrons

    94

因瑞典小镇伊特比而得名

General Properties

Atomic Number
65
Atomic Weight
158.92535
Mass Number
159
Category
Lanthanoids
Color
Silver
Radioactive
No
Discovery year
1843
Crystal Structure
Simple Hexagonal

History

铽在1843年被瑞典化学家莫桑德尔在钇土中发现

他用氨水促成了粗品系统碱性和钇的分离

在这些分离中,他发现虽然这些组分都是无色的,但是出现了淡棕色的铽
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Tb

Physical Properties

Phase
Solid
Density
8.229g/cm3
Melting Point
1629.15 K | 1356 °C | 2472.8 °F
Boiling Point
3503.15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Heat of Fusion
10.8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
295 kJ/mol
Specific Heat Capacity
0.182 J/g·K

Atomic Properties

Atomic Radius
177 pm
Covalent Radius
194 pm
Electronegativity
1.2 (鲍林标度)
Ionization Potential
5.8638 eV
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol
Thermal Conductivity
0.111 W/cm·K
Oxidation States
1, 3, 4
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.000093%
Abundance in Universe
5×10-8%
CAS Number
7440-27-9
PubChem CID Number
23958

Applications

铽被用在电子设备的合金产品中

它同样是固体设备和可视纤维的掺杂剂

氧化铽被用在荧光灯和电视显像管中

优良的成像特性让铽被用在生物化学探测中
铽可以用普通小刀轻易切开
Stable Isotopes
159Tb
Unstable Isotopes

136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb