• 78

    Pt

  • Transition metals

    Platinum

  • Group

    10

  • Period

    6

  • Block

    d

Chemical element【铂】
  • Protons

    78

  • Electrons

    78

  • Neutrons

    117

西班牙文“银色”

General Properties

Atomic Number
78
Atomic Weight
195.084
Mass Number
195
Category
Transition metals
Color
Gray
Radioactive
No
Discovery year
1735
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic

History

铂首先在哥伦布前的南美洲土著人群中用于制造人工产品

安东尼奥 德 乌罗阿在1748年发表了他对于铂的观察,但是查尔斯 伍德爵士同样在1741年考察了这种金属

首先在1750年把这些考察定义为新金属的是威廉布朗明
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Pt

Physical Properties

Phase
Solid
Density
21.45g/cm3
Melting Point
2041.45 K | 1768.3 °C | 3214.94 °F
Boiling Point
4098.15 K | 3825 °C | 6917 °F
Heat of Fusion
20 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
490 kJ/mol
Specific Heat Capacity
0.133 J/g·K

Atomic Properties

Atomic Radius
139 pm
Covalent Radius
136 pm
Electronegativity
2.28 (鲍林标度)
Ionization Potential
8.9587 eV
Atomic Volume
9.10 cm3/mol
Thermal Conductivity
0.716 W/cm·K
Oxidation States
2, 4, 5, 6
Abundance in Earth's crust
3.7×10-6%
Abundance in Universe
5×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-06-4
PubChem CID Number
23939

Applications

最广泛的铂应用是在催化剂领域

铂还被用在珠宝,装饰和牙医业中

铂-钴合金,一种三份铂和一份钴的合金,被用来制造强永磁体,铂基阳极被用在船舶,管道和码头建设中
铂在月球和其他星体上的丰度比地球高
Stable Isotopes
192Pt, 194Pt, 195Pt, 196Pt, 198Pt
Unstable Isotopes

166Pt, 167Pt, 168Pt, 169Pt, 170Pt, 171Pt, 172Pt, 173Pt, 174Pt, 175Pt, 176Pt, 177Pt, 178Pt, 179Pt, 180Pt, 181Pt, 182Pt, 183Pt, 184Pt, 185Pt, 186Pt, 187Pt, 188Pt, 189Pt, 190Pt, 191Pt, 193Pt, 197Pt, 199Pt, 200Pt, 201Pt, 202Pt