• 42

    Mo

  • Transition metals

    Molybdenum

  • Group

    6

  • Period

    5

  • Block

    d

Chemical element【钼】
  • Protons

    42

  • Electrons

    42

  • Neutrons

    54

希腊语“铅”

General Properties

Atomic Number
42
Atomic Weight
95.96
Mass Number
96
Category
Transition metals
Color
Gray
Radioactive
No
Discovery year
1781
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic

History

辉钼矿经常和石墨被科学家搞混,所以常被认为包含有铅

1778年瑞典科学家舍勒证明了辉钼矿既不是石墨也不含铅

1781年,舍勒的朋友,皮特 捷尔姆用碳和亚麻油分离出来了金属钼
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Mo

Physical Properties

Phase
Solid
Density
10.22g/cm3
Melting Point
2896.15 K | 2623 °C | 4753.4 °F
Boiling Point
4912.15 K | 4639 °C | 8382.2 °F
Heat of Fusion
36 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
600 kJ/mol
Specific Heat Capacity
0.251 J/g·K

Atomic Properties

Atomic Radius
139 pm
Covalent Radius
154 pm
Electronegativity
2.16 (鲍林标度)
Ionization Potential
7.0924 eV
Atomic Volume
9.4 cm3/mol
Thermal Conductivity
1.38 W/cm·K
Oxidation States
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.00011%
Abundance in Universe
5×10-7%
CAS Number
7439-98-7
PubChem CID Number
23932

Applications

钼被用作玻璃熔炉焊条因其高熔点

金属钼同样被用于核能和导弹和飞行器部件

作为冶炼石油的催化剂,钼很有价值

钼被少量添加在钢铁和很多合金中用于提高硬度
钼对于植物幼叶的发育很重要
Stable Isotopes
92Mo, 94Mo, 95Mo, 96Mo, 97Mo, 98Mo
Unstable Isotopes

83Mo, 84Mo, 85Mo, 86Mo, 87Mo, 88Mo, 89Mo, 90Mo, 91Mo, 93Mo, 99Mo, 100Mo, 101Mo, 102Mo, 103Mo, 104Mo, 105Mo, 106Mo, 107Mo, 108Mo, 109Mo, 110Mo, 111Mo, 112Mo, 113Mo, 114Mo, 115Mo